Ingangsdatum:
01-01-1996
Geldig tot en met:
30-06-1999
Minimum knowledge required for
certification of masters and chief mates of ships of 200 GRT or more
1. The syllabus given below is compiled
for examination of candidates for certification as master or chief mate of ships
of 200 GRT or more. It is intended to expand and extend in depth the subjects
contained in Regulation II/4 - 'Mandatory minimum requirements for certification
of officers in charge of a navigational watch on ships of 200 GRT or more`.
Bearing in mind that a master has ultimate responsibility for the safety of the
ship, its passengers, crew and cargo, and that a chief mate shall be in a position
to assume that responsibility at any time, examination in these subjects shall be
designed to test their ability to assimilate all available information that
affects the safety of the ship.
2. Navigation and
position determination(a) Voyage planning and navigation for all conditions:
(i) by acceptable methods of plotting ocean tracks;
(ii) within restricted waters;
(iii)
in ice;
(iv) in restricted visibility;
(v) in traffic separation schemes;
(vi) in areas of extensive tidal effects.
(b) Position determination:
(i) by
celestial observations, including the use of sun, stars, moon and planets;
(ii) by terrestrial observations, including the ability to
use bearings from landmarks and aids to navigation such as lighthouses, beacons
and buoys in conjunction with appropriate charts, notices to mariners and other
publications to assess the accuracy of the resulting position fix;
(iii) using all modern ship electronic navigational aids to
the satisfaction of the Administration, with specific knowledge of their operating
principles, limitations, sources of error, detection of misrepresentation of
information and methods of correction to obtain accurate position fixing.
3. Watchkeeping(a) Demonstrate thorough knowledge of content, application
and intent of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea,
including those Annexes concerned with safe navigation.
(b)
Demonstrate knowledge of Regulation II/1 'Basic principles to be observed in
keeping a navigational watch`.
4. Radar
equipmentDemonstrate in conjunction with the use of radar simulator
or, when not available, manoeuvring board, knowledge of the fundamentals of radar
and ability in the operation and use of radar, and in the interpretation and
analysis of information obtained from this equipment, including:
(a) factors affecting performance and accuracy;
(b) setting-up and maintaining displays;
(c) detection of misrepresentation of information, false
echoes, sea return, etc.;
(d) range and bearing;
(e) identification of critical echoes;
(f) course and speed of other ships;
(g) time and distance of closest approach of crossing,
meeting or overtaking ships;
(h) detecting course and speed
changes of other ships;
(i) effect of changes in own ship's
course or speed or both;
(j) application of the
International Regulation for preventing collisions at sea.
5. Compasses - magnetic and gyroAbility to determine and correct the errors of the magnetic
and gyro-compasses and knowledge of the means for correcting such errors.
6. Meterology and oceanography(a) Demonstrate the ability to understand and interpret a
synoptic chart and to forecast area weather, taking into account local weather
conditions.
(b) Knowledge of the characteristics of various
weather systems, including tropical revolving storms and avoidance of storm
centres and the dangerous quadrants.
(c) Knowledge of ocean
current systems.
(d) Ability to use all appropriate
navigational publications on tides and currents, including those in the English
language.
(e) Ability to calculate tidal conditions.
7. Ship manoeuvring and handlingManoeuvring and handling of a ship in all conditions,
including the following:
(a) manoeuvres when approaching
pilot vessels or stations with due regard to weather, tide headreach and stopping
distances;
(b) handling a ship in rivers, estuaries, etc.,
having regard to the effects of current, wind and restricted water on the response
to the helm;
(c) manoeuvring in shallow water, including the
reduction in keel clearance due to the effect of squat (1), rolling and pitching;
(d) interaction between passing ships and between own ship
and nearby banks (canal effect);
(e) berthing and unberthing
under various conditions of wind and tide with and without tugs;
(f) choice of anchorage; anchoring with one or two anchors
in limited anchorages and factors involved in determining the length of anchor
cable to be used;
(g) dragging; clearing fouled anchors;
(h) dry-docking, both with and without damage;
(i) management and handling of ships in heavy weather,
including assisting a ship or aircraft in distress, towing operations, means of
keeping an unmanageable ship out of a sea trough, lessening drift and use of oil;
(j) precautions in manoeuvring for launching rescue boats or
survival craft in bad weather;
(k) methods of taking on
board survivors from rescue boats or survival craft;
(l)
ability to determine the manoeuvring and engine characteristics of major types of
ships with special reference to stopping distances and turning circles at various
draughts and speeds;
(m) the importance of navigating at
reduced speed to avoid damage caused by own ship's bow or stern wave;
(n) practical measures to be taken when navigating in ice or
conditions of ice accumulation on board;
(o) the use of, and
manoeuvring in, traffic separation schemes.
8. Ship
stability (2), construction and damage control(a) Understanding fundamental principles of ship
construction and the theories and factors affecting trim and stability and
measures necessary to preserve safe trim and stability.
(b)
Knowledge of the effect on trim and stability of a ship in the event of damage to
and consequent flooding of a compartment and countermeasures to be taken.
(c) Demonstrate use of stability, trim and stress tables,
diagrams and stress calculating equipment, including knowledge of loading cargoes
and ballasting in order to keep hull stresses within acceptable limits.
(d) General knowledge of the principal structural members of
a ship and the proper names of the various parts.
(e)
Knowledge of the recommendations of the organization concerning ship stability.
9. Ship power plants(a) Operating principles of marine power plants.
(b) Ships' auxiliary machinery.
(c)
General knowledge of marine engineering terms.
10.
Cargo handling and stowage(a) The stowage and securing of cargoes on board ships,
including cargo gear.
(b) Loading and discharging
operations, with special regard to loading and discharging of heavy weights.
(c) International regulations and recommendations relating
to the carriage of cargoes, in particular the International Maritime Dangerous
Goods Code (IMDG).
(d) Carriage of dangerous goods;
precautions to be taken during loading and discharging operations and the care of
dangerous goods during a voyage.
(e) Working knowledge of
contents and application of current relevant tanker safety guides.
(f) Working knowledge of commonly used cargo piping and
pumping arrangements.
(g) Terms and definitions used to
describe properties of common oil cargoes, such as crude oil, middle distillates,
naphtha.
(h) Pollution regulations; ballasting, tank
cleaning and gas freeing operations.
(i) Load-on-top
procedures.
11. Fire prevention and fire-fighting
appliances(a) Organization of fire drills.
(b)
Classes and chemistry of fire.
(c) Fire-fighting systems.
(d) Attendance at an approved fire-fighting course.
(e) Knowledge of regulations concerning fire-fighting
equipment.
12. Emergency procedures(a) Precautions when beaching a ship.
(b) Action to be taken prior to, and after, grounding.
(c) Floating a grounded ship, with and without assistance.
(d) Action to be taken following a collision.
(e) Temporary plugging of leaks.
(f)
Measures for the protection and safety of passengers and crew in emergencies.
(g) Limiting damage and salving the ship following a fire or
explosion.
(h) Abandoning ship.
(i)
Emergency steering, rigging and use of jury steering and the means of rigging a
jury rudder, where practicable.
(j) Rescuing persons from a
ship in distress or from a wreck.
(k) Man-overboard
procedures.
13. Medical careA thorough knowledge of the use of the contents of the
following publications:
(a) International Medical Guide for
Ships or equivalent national publications;
(b) Medical
section of the International Code of Signals;
(c) Medical
First Aid Guide for Use in Accidents Involving Dangerous Goods.
14. Maritime law(a) A knowledge of international maritime law as embodied in
international agreements and conventions as they affect the specific obligations
and responsibilities of the master, particularly those concerning safety and the
protection of the marine environment. Regard shall be paid especially to the
following subjects:
(i) certificates and other documents
required to be carried on board ships by international conventions, how they may
be obtained and the period of their legal validity;
(ii)
responsibilities under the relevant requirements of the International Convention
on Load Lines;
(iii) responsibilities under the relevant
requirements of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea;
(iv) responsibilities under international conventions for
the prevention of pollution from ships;
(v) maritime
declarations of health; the requirements of the International Health Regulations;
(vi) responsibilities under the Convention on the
International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea;
(vii) responsibilities under other international instruments
affecting the safety of the ship, passengers, crew and cargo.
(b) The extent of knowledge of national maritime legislation
is left to the discretion of the Administration but shall include national
arrangements for implementing international agreements and conventions.
15. Personnel management and training
responsibilitiesA knowledge of personnel management, organization and
training aboard ships.
16. Radiocommunications and
visual signalling(a) Ability to transmit and receive messages by morse light
and to use the International Code of Signals; where the Administration has
examined candidates in these subjects at the lower levels of certification, they
may have the option of not re-examining in these subjects for certification as
master.
(b) Knowledge of procedures used in radio
communications and ability to use radio equipment for distress, urgency, safety
and navigational messages.
(c) A knowledge of the procedures
for emergency distress signals as prescribed in the Radio Regulations.
17. Life-savingA thorough knowledge of life-saving appliance regulations
(International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea), organization of abandon
ship drills, survival craft, rescue boats and other life-saving equipment.
18. Search and rescueA thorough knowledge of the Merchant Ship Search and Rescue
Manual (Mersar).
19. Methods for demonstration of
proficiency(a) Navigation
Demonstrate the use of
sextant, pelorus, azimuth mirror and ability to plot position, course, bearings.
(b) International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at
Sea
(i) use of small models displaying proper signals or
lights, or navigation light simulator;
(ii) manoeuvring
board or radar simulator.
(c) Radar
(i) radar simulator; or
(ii)
manoeuvring boards.
(d) Fire-fighting
Attendance at an approved fire-fighting course.
(e) Communications
Visual and vocal
practical test.
(f) Life-saving
Launching and handling of survival craft, rescue boats and
other life-saving appliances, including the donning of life-jackets.
(1) Squat: the decrease in clearance beneath a ship which
occurs when the ship moves through the water and is caused both by bodily
sinkage and by change if trim. The effect is accentuated in shallow water and is
reduced with a reduction in ship's speed.
(2) Masters and
chief mates serving on small ships should be fully acquainted with the basic
stability requirements of such ships.