Onderwerp: Bezoek-historie

896 - Interim Measures For Combating Unsafe Practices Associated With The Trafficking Or Transport Of Migrants By Sea
Geldigheid:06-12-2001 t/m Status: Geldig vandaag

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Ref. T1/1.02 MSC/Circ.896/Rev.1                                                                                                                               12 June 2001

   

1 The Maritime Safety Committee, at its sixty-ninth session (11 to 20 May 1998), being concerned about the unsafe practices associated with the trafficking or transport of migrants by sea and recalling resolution A. 867 (20) on Combating unsafe practices associated with the trafficking or transport of migrants by sea, in particular operative paragraph 6 thereof, established a correspondence group to prepare Interim Measures for combating unsafe practices associated with the trafficking or transport of migrants by sea, which were eventually considered and approved by the Committee, at its seventieth session (7 to 11 December 1998) and disseminated by means of MSC/Circ.896.

2 To prevent and suppress unsafe practices associated with the trafficking or transport of migrants by sea, the Committee invited Member Governments to promptly convey to the Organization reports on relevant incidents and the measures taken, to enable the updating or revising of that circular, as necessary.

3 The Committee, at its seventy-third session (27 November to 6 December 2000), established a biannual reporting procedure; instructed the Secretariat to issue biannual reports (MSC.3/Circ. series); and urged Governments and international organizations to promptly communicate all unsafe practices associated with the trafficking or transport of migrants by sea.

4 The Committee, at its seventy-fourth session (30 May to 8 June 2001), in the light of reports recorded and proposals made by Governments, approved amendments to the annex to MSC/Circ.896, the revised text of which is given at annex.

5 The use of the report format given in the Appendix to the annex is recommended for conveying information for the purposes mentioned in paragraphs 12, 15 and 22 of the Interim Measures.

6 Member Governments are invited to bring this circular and annex to the attention of all parties concerned.

7 The circular will be further revised in the light of the consideration of incident reports received by IMO and further submission by Member Governments, following the adoption, in December 2000, of the Convention against transnational organized crime, developed by the United Nations Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice together with the Protocol against smuggling of migrants by land, sea and air.

***

Annex

INTERIM MEASURES FOR COMBATING UNSAFE PRACTICES ASSOCIATED WITH THE TRAFFICKING OR TRANSPORT OF MIGRANTS BY SEA

1 Pending entry into force of a Convention against transnational organized crime including trafficking in migrants this circular provides interim, non-binding measures for the prevention and suppression of unsafe practices associated with the trafficking or transport of migrants by sea.

Definitions

2 For purposes of this circular:

  2.1 "Ship" means every description of water craft, including non-displacement craft and seaplanes, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water, except a warship, naval auxiliary, or other ship owned or operated by a Government and used, for the time being, only on government non-commercial service;

  2.2 "Organization" means the International Maritime Organization; and

  2.3 "unsafe practices" means any practice which involves operating a ship that is:

      .1 obviously in conditions which violate fundamental principles of safety at sea, in particular those of the SOLAS Convention; or

     .2 not properly manned, equipped or licensed for carrying passengers on international voyages, and thereby constitute a serious danger for the lives or the health of the persons on board, including the conditions for embarkation and disembarkation.

Purpose

3 The purpose of this circular is to promote awareness and co-operation among Contracting Governments of the Organization so that they may address more effectively unsafe practices associated with the trafficking or transport of migrants by sea which have an international dimension.

Recommended Actions By States

Complianc e wit h internationa l obligations.

 

4          Experience has shown that migrants often are transported on ships that are not properly manned,equipped or licensed for carrying passengers on international voyages.                States should take steps relating to maritime safety, in accordance with domestic and international law, to eliminate theseunsafepracticesassociatedwiththetraffickingortransportofmigrantsbysea,including:

1    ensuring compliance with the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea,

1974,asamended(SOLAS)1;

 

.2         collectinganddisseminatinginformationonshipsbelievedtobeengagedinunsafe practicesassociatedwithtraffickingortransportingmigrants;

 

.3         taking appropriate action against masters, officers and crew members engaged in such unsafepractices;and

 

.4         preventinganysuchship:

 

.1         fromagainengaginginunsafepractices;and

 

.2         ifinport,fromsailing.

 

5          Measures taken, adopted or implemented pursuant to this circular to combat unsafe practices associated with the trafficking or transport of migrants by sea should be in conformity with the internationallaw of the sea and all generally accepted relevant international instruments, such as the UnitedNations1951Conventionandthe1967ProtocolRelatingtotheStatusofRefugees.

 

6          States should take, adopt or implement such measures in conformity with international law withdueregardto:

 

.1           the authority of the flag State to exercise jurisdiction and control in administrative, technicalandsocialmattersinvolvingtheship;and

 

.2         therightsandobligationsofthecoastalState.

 

7          If any measures are taken against any ship suspected of unsafe practices associated with trafficking or transport of migrants by sea, the State concerned should take into account the need not

toendanger the safety of human life at sea and the security of the ship and the cargo, or to prejudice thecommercialand/orlegalinterestsoftheflagStateoranyotherinterestedState.

C o -operation.

 

8          States should co-operate to the fullest extent possible to prevent and suppress unsafepractices associated with the trafficking or transport of migrants by sea, in conformity with the international law of the sea and all generally accepted relevant international instruments.                                          It  is  consistent  with international  law  for  a  flag  State  to  authorize  a  vessel  flying  its  flag  to  be  boarded  and  inspected

bya warship of another State, as described in paragraphs 12 and 20 below.

 

9          States should consider entering into bilateral or regional agreements to facilitateco-operation

in applying appropriate, efficient and effective measures to prevent and suppress unsafe practices associatedwiththetraffickingortransportofmigrantsbysea.

 

10         States   should   also   encourage   the   conclusion   of   operational   arrangements   in   relation   to specificcases.

 

Measure s an d Procedures.

 

11         AState,whichhasreasonablegroundstosuspectthatashipwhich:

 

.1         isflyingitsflagorclaimingitsregistry,or

 

.2         iswithoutnationality,or

 

.3         though flying a foreign flag or refusing to show its flag is, in reality, of the same nationalityastheStateconcerned,

 

is engaged in unsafe practices associated with the trafficking or transport of migrants by sea, may requesttheassistanceofotherStatesinsuppressingitsuseforthatpurpose.   TheStatessorequested shouldrendersuchassistanceasisreasonableunderthesecircumstances.

 

12         A State which has reasonable grounds to suspect that a ship exercising freedom of navigation

in accordance with international law and flying the flag or displaying marks of registry of another State is engaged in unsafe practices associated with the trafficking or transport of migrants by sea may so notify theflag State, request confirmation of registry and, if confirmed2,requestauthorization from the flag Statetotake appropriate measures in regard to that ship.   The flag State may authorize

therequestingStateto,inte r ali a :

 

.1         boardtheship;

 

.2         inspectandcarryoutasafetyexaminationoftheship,and

 

.3         if    evidence   is    found    that    the    ship    is    engaged    in    unsafe    practices,   take appropriateaction with respect to the ship, persons and cargo on board, as authorized

bytheflagState.

 

A State which has taken any action in accordance with this paragraph should promptly inform the flagStateconcernedoftheresultsofthataction.

13         A flag State may, consistent with paragraph 8, subject its authorization to conditions to be

mutually agreed between it and the requesting State, including conditions relating to responsibility and to the extent of effective measures to be taken including the use of force.   AStateshalltakeno additional   actions   without   the   express   authorization   of   the   flag   State,   except   those   necessary   to relieveimminentdangerorthosethatfollowfromrelevantbilateralormultilateralagreements.

 

14         A State should respond expeditiously to a request from another State to determine whether a ship that is claiming its registry or flying its flag is entitled to do so, and to a request for authorization madepursuanttoparagraph12.

 

15         When a ship is found engagedin unsafe practices associated with the trafficking or transport

ofmigrantsbysea,Statesshould:

 

.1         immediately   report   the   findings   of   the   safety   examinations   conducted   pursuant   to paragraph 12 to the administration of the State whose flag the ship is entitledtoflyor

inwhichitisregistered;and

 

.2         immediately consult on the further actions to be taken after giving or receiving reports

ontheshipinvolved.

 

16         When there are reasonable grounds to suspect that a ship is engaged in unsafe practices associated with trafficking or transport of migrants by sea and it is concluded in accordance with the international law of the sea that the ship is without nationality, or has been assimilated to a ship without nationality, Statesshould conduct a safety examination of the ship, as necessary.                                                                           If the results of the safety examination indicate that the ship is engaged in unsafe practices, States should takeappropriatemeasuresinaccordancewithrelevantdomesticandinternationallaw.

 

17         Whenevidenceexiststhatashipisengagedinunsafepracticesassociatedwiththetrafficking

ortransportofmigrantsbysea,States,intakingactionpursuanttoparagraphs12or16,should:

 

.1         ensure the safety and the humanitarian handling of the persons on boardandthatany actionstakenwithregardtotheshipareenvironmentallysound;and

 

.2         takeappropriateactioninaccordancewithrelevantdomesticandinternationallaw.

 

18         States   should   take   required   steps,   in   accordance   with   international   law   including SOLAS regulationI/19(c), to ensure that a ship involved in unsafe practices associated with the trafficking or transport of migrants by sea does not sail until it can proceed to sea without endangering the ship or persons on board, and to report promptly totheStatewhoseflagtheshipisentitledtofly,orinwhich

itisregistered,allincidentsconcerningsuchunsafepracticeswhichcometotheirattention.

 

19         Contracting Governments to SOLAS 1974, as amended, should ensure that, when a request is received to transfer a ship to their flag or registry, the requirements listed in regulationI/14(g)(ii)are met, and appropriate inspections and surveys are conducted to ensure the ship will be used for the service   specified   in   the   certificates   issued   in   accordance   with   chapter   I   of   the   1974SOLAS Convention.

 

20         Any action taken at sea pursuant to this circular shall be carried out only by warships or military aircraft, or other ships or aircraft clearly marked and identifiable as being on government serviceandauthorizedtothateffect.

21         Each State should designate an authority or, where necessary, authorities to receive reports of

unsafe practices, and to respond to requests for assistance, confirmation of registry or right to fly its flagandauthorizationtotakeappropriatemeasures.

 

22         Notwithstanding paragraph 20, ships providing assistance to persons in distress at sea, as required by the international law of the sea including SOLAS regulation V/10, and ships providing assistance in accordance with this circular, should not be considered as engaging in unsafe practices associatedwiththetraffickingortransportofmigrantsbysea.

_________________

1              It is recalled that:

 

-              regulation1ofchapterIofSOLASConventionprovidesthatSOLASappliestoships engagedoninternationalvoyages;

 

-              regulation2ofthesamechapterdefinesas:

 

internationa l voyage ,avoyagefromacountrytowhichthepresentConventionappliesto

aportoutsidesuchcountry,orconversely.

 

passenge r ship ,ashipwhichcarriesmorethantwelvepassengers.

 

carg o ship ,anyshipwhichisnotapassengership.

 

Thetraffickingofmigrantswillnormallyconstituteaninternationalvoyage.   Whenthispracticeoccurson boardcargoships,multipleinfringementsoftheSOLASConventionarethereforecommitted.

2                     Ifregistryisrefuted,thesituationisthatdescribedinparagraph11.2above.

 

 

Reports

23 To prevent and suppress unsafe practices associated with trafficking or transport of migrants by sea, reports on incidents and the measures taken should be provided to the Organization by States concerned as soon as possible. This information will be used for the purpose of updating or revising this circular, as necessary.

24 Use of the report form given in the Appendix is recommended for conveying information for the purposes mentioned in paragraphs 12, 15 and 22.

Appendix

REPORT ON UNSAFE PRACTICE ASSOCIATED WITH THE TRAFFICKING OR TRANSPORT OF MIGRANTS BY SEA

 

Date:                                                               Time:                                                                       

 

 

ShipName:                                                                                                      NameonHull? Y/N

 

Official/DocumentNumber:________________________________________________________

Flag:                                                                            InternationalCallSign:                                     

Homeport:                                                                                                 HomeportonHull? Y/N

Description:                                                                                                                                      

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

 

 

 

TypeofPropulsion/Horsepower:                                                         GrossTonnage:                    

 

 

Location:                                                  N/S__________                  E/W

 

LastPortofCall(includedate/timeofdeparture):                                                                             

 

 

NextPortofCall(includedate/timeofdeparture):_______________________________________

 

Owner/Charterer:                                                                                                                                

_____________________________________________________________________________

 

 

 

Master:____________________ Nationality:____________________ DateofBirth:__________

 

NumberofCrew/Nationality(ies)(ifidentifiedamongpersonsonboard):                                         

 

 

NumberofMigrantsandotherpersonsonboard/Nationality(ies):___________________________

 

 

 

NumberofMaleAdults:__________   NumberofFemaleAdults:______________

NumberofMaleMinors:__________   NumberofFemaleMinors:_____________

BriefDescriptionofIncidentandMeasurestaken(includedate/timeasnecessary):_____________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

 

Additionalcommentsandrecommendations(ifany):____________________________________

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MaritimeAuthority:

 

 

 

 

 

 

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